Research Finds High Levels of Flavor Chemicals in Tobacco E-cigarettes

Nov.07.2022
Research Finds High Levels of Flavor Chemicals in Tobacco E-cigarettes
A study found that tobacco-flavored e-cigarette products contain high levels of flavoring chemicals, some of which have unknown inhalation toxicity.

The latest discovery comes amid the announcement by the US FDA to ban the sale of mint and non-tobacco flavors in pod vapes. In order to determine whether e-cigarettes marketed as having a "tobacco flavor" contain chemical substances such as sweet flavors and fruit flavors, researchers used a database that contained information on the chemical composition and levels of additives in e-liquids since 2010 to identify trends and changes.


A group of researchers compared the quantity and types of flavoring chemicals found in 63 different tobacco-flavored e-cigarette refill fluids and two popular e-cigarette brands, Juul and Puff, sold between 2011 and 2019. They discovered that there were almost no flavoring chemicals present in tobacco-flavored products purchased in 2010 and 2011.


Nearly two-thirds (63%) of flavoring chemicals in e-cigarette liquids purchased prior to 2019 contained less than 2 milligrams per milliliter, with the majority (84%) containing less than 5 milligrams per milliliter.


The total number and levels of flavoring chemicals in the "tobacco-flavored" e-liquid and Puff Bar tobacco-flavored electronic cigarettes purchased in 2019 were higher than expected.


In 2019, over half (54%) of the 13 supplement products purchased contained a total flavoring chemical content greater than 10 milligrams/milliliter. Products with a total seasoning chemical exceeding 10 milligrams/milliliter contained 1 to 5 major seasoning chemicals (each exceeding 1 milligram/milliliter).


The five most commonly used flavoring chemicals in "tobacco-flavored" e-cigarette liquids are fruity and caramel flavors: ethyl maltol (sweet or caramel flavor, 60%); corylone (caramel, maple, 44%); menthol (33%); vanillin (25%); and maltol and glyceryl triacetate (fruit, cream flavors, 24%).


Nine different chemical substances used to create sweet and fruity flavors in products purchased in 2016 and 2019 were found to have levels exceeding 2 milligrams per milliliter.


The flavor chemical content in Juul Classic and Juul Virginia is below 0.35 milligrams per milliliter, with individual chemical content typically equaling or below 0.05 milligrams per milliliter.


According to researchers, different flavoring chemicals were intentionally added to Classic and Virginia products to create distinct tastes for each product.


On the other hand, the "tobacco-flavored" Puff Bar contains 27 different flavor chemicals, with a total content of 34.3 mg/mL. The range of individual chemicals is from 0.03 to 15 mg/mL.


A group of researchers has found that four types of chemical additives commonly used in sweet-flavored electronic cigarettes – vanillin, ethyl maltol, ethyl vanillin, and corylone – contain high levels of the compounds, ranging from 2.07 to 15 milligrams per milliliter. These additives are often found in popular e-cigarette flavors like Dewberry Cream. The researchers caution young e-cigarette users to be aware of the potential risks associated with these chemicals.


The main flavor chemicals found in these two brands were compared, and it was discovered that Puff had 300 times the amount of vanillin as Juul, and 239 times the amount of ethylvanillin, as well as 41 times the amount of caryophyllene.


The total number of flavor chemicals used in Puff Bar Tobacco exceeds the total amount of chemicals found in nearly all (94%) evaluated e-liquids.


Researchers pointed out that concerns had previously been raised regarding the safety of inhaling these high concentrations of flavor chemicals.


While the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) generally considers these specific flavors to be safe, FEMA has not yet assessed their inhalation toxicity.


Researchers said in a press release that the FDA has two reasons to identify and quantify flavoring chemicals before approving tobacco products for market (PMTA). They wrote, "Firstly, flavoring chemicals are often used in e-cigarette oils without safety data and at concentrations far higher than in other consumer products." "Secondly, our data shows that e-cigarette manufacturers are manipulating e-cigarette oil formulas, apparently to circumvent regulations on flavored chemical additives.


Statement:


This article is compiled from third-party information and is intended for industry professionals for sharing and educational purposes.


This article does not reflect the views of 2FIRSTS, and 2FIRSTS is unable to confirm the truthfulness and accuracy of the content. The translation of this article is only intended for industry exchange and research purposes.


Due to limitations in our ability to translate accurately, this article may not convey the exact same meaning as the original. Please refer to the original text for accuracy.


2FIRSTS maintains complete alignment with the Chinese government on any domestic, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, or foreign-related statements and stances.


The copyright of the compiled information belongs to the original media and author. If there is any infringement, please contact us to have it removed.



Disclaimer

This article is provided solely for professional research, industry discussion, and informational purposes. Any references to brands, companies, products, technologies, or policies are made for factual reporting and analytical purposes only, and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, promotion, or advertising by 2Firsts.

Nicotine-containing products, including but not limited to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches, carry significant health risks. Readers are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations in their respective jurisdictions, including age restrictions and access limitations.

The information contained in this article should not be regarded as investment, legal, medical, regulatory, or commercial advice. While 2Firsts strives to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its content, it does not assume liability for any direct or indirect loss arising from errors, omissions, inaccuracies, or reliance on the information contained herein.

This article is not intended for individuals below the legal age for accessing tobacco or nicotine-related information in their jurisdiction.

 

Copyright Notice

This article is either original content produced by 2Firsts or content reproduced, translated, summarized, or adapted from third-party sources with attribution where applicable. The intellectual property rights of the original content remain with 2Firsts or the respective original rights holders.

No individual or organization may copy, reproduce, distribute, republish, modify, translate, or otherwise use this content without prior authorization. Any unauthorized use may result in legal action.

For copyright-related inquiries, corrections, or removal requests, please contact: info@2firsts.com.

 

AI-Assisted Translation and Editing Notice

Portions of this article may have been translated, edited, or reviewed with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools to improve efficiency and readability. Due to the limitations of AI-assisted translation and editing, discrepancies, omissions, or inaccuracies may exist when compared with the original source.

Where applicable, readers are advised to refer to the original source for the most complete and accurate information. If you identify any errors or believe that any content infringes upon your rights, please contact us at info@2firsts.com, and we will review and address the matter promptly.

FDA Launches Elsa 4.0 and Completes HALO Data Platform Consolidation
FDA Launches Elsa 4.0 and Completes HALO Data Platform Consolidation
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced on May 6 that it has advanced its modernization initiative by launching Elsa 4.0, an upgraded internal AI tool, and consolidating more than 40 application and submission data sources, systems and portals into a new platform called HALO. FDA said the integration of HALO and Elsa will allow staff to query data and build workflows without manually uploading documents in each chat.
May.07 by 2FIRSTS.ai
China Tobacco International HK Warns First-Half Revenue May Fall 25%-30%, Tobacco Leaf and Duty-Free Exposure Highlight Reliance on Traditional Tobacco
China Tobacco International HK Warns First-Half Revenue May Fall 25%-30%, Tobacco Leaf and Duty-Free Exposure Highlight Reliance on Traditional Tobacco
CTIHK expects first-half 2026 revenue to fall 25%-30%, mainly due to lower tobacco leaf imports and delayed cigarette shipments to China’s domestic duty-free market. Its 2025 revenue mix—nearly 90% from tobacco leaf-related businesses and less than 1% from new tobacco products—shows continued exposure to traditional supply chains and trade variables.
Jun.18
U.S. Senator Durbin Criticizes FDA’s First Flavored Vape Authorization, Says Trump Administration Conceded to Big Tobacco
U.S. Senator Durbin Criticizes FDA’s First Flavored Vape Authorization, Says Trump Administration Conceded to Big Tobacco
U.S. Senator Dick Durbin on May 13 criticized the Trump Administration’s Food and Drug Administration for approving the sale and marketing of fruit-flavored e-cigarettes for the first time, while also allowing some illegal vaping products to remain on the market. He also linked the regulatory shift to the departure of FDA Commissioner Marty Makary, saying White House pressure on regulators to approve tobacco product applications could create serious public-health consequences.
Regulations
May.15
China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Patent Discloses Nicotine Tooth Patch for Fixed Oral Delivery
China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Patent Discloses Nicotine Tooth Patch for Fixed Oral Delivery
According to Chinese patent records, a “nicotine tooth patch” application filed by China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Corporation (CTHB) and Hubei Xinye Tobacco Sheet Development Co., Ltd. was published on May 19, 2026. The filing proposes a nicotine gel patch that adheres to the tooth surface, especially the lingual side, to reduce displacement, foreign-body sensation, and accidental swallowing risks associated with existing oral nicotine products.
Jun.10
U.S. FDA: Youth E-Cigarette Prevention Campaign Prevented About 444,000 Initiations and Reduced Illegal Vape Sales
U.S. FDA: Youth E-Cigarette Prevention Campaign Prevented About 444,000 Initiations and Reduced Illegal Vape Sales
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said its youth e-cigarette prevention campaign, “The Real Cost,” prevented about 444,000 U.S. youth from starting e-cigarette use between 2023 and 2024 and blocked more than $42 million in unauthorized e-cigarette sales that would have been used by youth.
Market
Jun.25
Philippine Health Department Pushes Total Vape Ban, With Tobacco-Only Flavor Limit as Alternative
Philippine Health Department Pushes Total Vape Ban, With Tobacco-Only Flavor Limit as Alternative
The Philippine Department of Health said it is pushing for a total ban on vape products. If a full ban is not feasible, DOH officer-in-charge Director Dr. Dominic Maddumba said vape products should at least be limited to plain tobacco flavors to reduce their appeal to minors.
May.06 by 2FIRSTS.ai