Research Finds High Levels of Flavor Chemicals in Tobacco E-cigarettes

Nov.07.2022
Research Finds High Levels of Flavor Chemicals in Tobacco E-cigarettes
A study found that tobacco-flavored e-cigarette products contain high levels of flavoring chemicals, some of which have unknown inhalation toxicity.

The latest discovery comes amid the announcement by the US FDA to ban the sale of mint and non-tobacco flavors in pod vapes. In order to determine whether e-cigarettes marketed as having a "tobacco flavor" contain chemical substances such as sweet flavors and fruit flavors, researchers used a database that contained information on the chemical composition and levels of additives in e-liquids since 2010 to identify trends and changes.


A group of researchers compared the quantity and types of flavoring chemicals found in 63 different tobacco-flavored e-cigarette refill fluids and two popular e-cigarette brands, Juul and Puff, sold between 2011 and 2019. They discovered that there were almost no flavoring chemicals present in tobacco-flavored products purchased in 2010 and 2011.


Nearly two-thirds (63%) of flavoring chemicals in e-cigarette liquids purchased prior to 2019 contained less than 2 milligrams per milliliter, with the majority (84%) containing less than 5 milligrams per milliliter.


The total number and levels of flavoring chemicals in the "tobacco-flavored" e-liquid and Puff Bar tobacco-flavored electronic cigarettes purchased in 2019 were higher than expected.


In 2019, over half (54%) of the 13 supplement products purchased contained a total flavoring chemical content greater than 10 milligrams/milliliter. Products with a total seasoning chemical exceeding 10 milligrams/milliliter contained 1 to 5 major seasoning chemicals (each exceeding 1 milligram/milliliter).


The five most commonly used flavoring chemicals in "tobacco-flavored" e-cigarette liquids are fruity and caramel flavors: ethyl maltol (sweet or caramel flavor, 60%); corylone (caramel, maple, 44%); menthol (33%); vanillin (25%); and maltol and glyceryl triacetate (fruit, cream flavors, 24%).


Nine different chemical substances used to create sweet and fruity flavors in products purchased in 2016 and 2019 were found to have levels exceeding 2 milligrams per milliliter.


The flavor chemical content in Juul Classic and Juul Virginia is below 0.35 milligrams per milliliter, with individual chemical content typically equaling or below 0.05 milligrams per milliliter.


According to researchers, different flavoring chemicals were intentionally added to Classic and Virginia products to create distinct tastes for each product.


On the other hand, the "tobacco-flavored" Puff Bar contains 27 different flavor chemicals, with a total content of 34.3 mg/mL. The range of individual chemicals is from 0.03 to 15 mg/mL.


A group of researchers has found that four types of chemical additives commonly used in sweet-flavored electronic cigarettes – vanillin, ethyl maltol, ethyl vanillin, and corylone – contain high levels of the compounds, ranging from 2.07 to 15 milligrams per milliliter. These additives are often found in popular e-cigarette flavors like Dewberry Cream. The researchers caution young e-cigarette users to be aware of the potential risks associated with these chemicals.


The main flavor chemicals found in these two brands were compared, and it was discovered that Puff had 300 times the amount of vanillin as Juul, and 239 times the amount of ethylvanillin, as well as 41 times the amount of caryophyllene.


The total number of flavor chemicals used in Puff Bar Tobacco exceeds the total amount of chemicals found in nearly all (94%) evaluated e-liquids.


Researchers pointed out that concerns had previously been raised regarding the safety of inhaling these high concentrations of flavor chemicals.


While the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) generally considers these specific flavors to be safe, FEMA has not yet assessed their inhalation toxicity.


Researchers said in a press release that the FDA has two reasons to identify and quantify flavoring chemicals before approving tobacco products for market (PMTA). They wrote, "Firstly, flavoring chemicals are often used in e-cigarette oils without safety data and at concentrations far higher than in other consumer products." "Secondly, our data shows that e-cigarette manufacturers are manipulating e-cigarette oil formulas, apparently to circumvent regulations on flavored chemical additives.


Statement:


This article is compiled from third-party information and is intended for industry professionals for sharing and educational purposes.


This article does not reflect the views of 2FIRSTS, and 2FIRSTS is unable to confirm the truthfulness and accuracy of the content. The translation of this article is only intended for industry exchange and research purposes.


Due to limitations in our ability to translate accurately, this article may not convey the exact same meaning as the original. Please refer to the original text for accuracy.


2FIRSTS maintains complete alignment with the Chinese government on any domestic, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, or foreign-related statements and stances.


The copyright of the compiled information belongs to the original media and author. If there is any infringement, please contact us to have it removed.



Disclaimer

This article is provided solely for professional research, industry discussion, and informational purposes. Any references to brands, companies, products, technologies, or policies are made for factual reporting and analytical purposes only, and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, promotion, or advertising by 2Firsts.

Nicotine-containing products, including but not limited to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches, carry significant health risks. Readers are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations in their respective jurisdictions, including age restrictions and access limitations.

The information contained in this article should not be regarded as investment, legal, medical, regulatory, or commercial advice. While 2Firsts strives to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its content, it does not assume liability for any direct or indirect loss arising from errors, omissions, inaccuracies, or reliance on the information contained herein.

This article is not intended for individuals below the legal age for accessing tobacco or nicotine-related information in their jurisdiction.

 

Copyright Notice

This article is either original content produced by 2Firsts or content reproduced, translated, summarized, or adapted from third-party sources with attribution where applicable. The intellectual property rights of the original content remain with 2Firsts or the respective original rights holders.

No individual or organization may copy, reproduce, distribute, republish, modify, translate, or otherwise use this content without prior authorization. Any unauthorized use may result in legal action.

For copyright-related inquiries, corrections, or removal requests, please contact: info@2firsts.com.

 

AI-Assisted Translation and Editing Notice

Portions of this article may have been translated, edited, or reviewed with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools to improve efficiency and readability. Due to the limitations of AI-assisted translation and editing, discrepancies, omissions, or inaccuracies may exist when compared with the original source.

Where applicable, readers are advised to refer to the original source for the most complete and accurate information. If you identify any errors or believe that any content infringes upon your rights, please contact us at info@2firsts.com, and we will review and address the matter promptly.

Product | VELO Launches Tomorrowland Limited Edition 2026 as Festival IP Enters Nicotine Pouch Packaging
Product | VELO Launches Tomorrowland Limited Edition 2026 as Festival IP Enters Nicotine Pouch Packaging
BAT’s nicotine pouch brand VELO has introduced the Tomorrowland Limited Edition 2026. Public retail-channel information shows the product has appeared across multiple European online platforms, while Haypp UK has listed related SKUs with a “Coming soon” status. The packaging carries the wording “Official Tomorrowland Partner,” indicating that the collection is part of VELO’s official collaboration with the electronic music festival brand.
Jul.02
UK Reform Party Proposes Cap of 1,000 Vape Shops Under Plan to Tighten Retail Controls
UK Reform Party Proposes Cap of 1,000 Vape Shops Under Plan to Tighten Retail Controls
The UK Reform Party has proposed limiting the number of dedicated vape shops in the country to around 1,000 as part of a plan to tighten oversight of vape retail channels. The proposal was put forward by Reform UK deputy leader and MP Lee Anderson. The plan remains a political proposal and has not become UK government policy, with no detailed legislation, implementation timeline or allocation rules announced.
Aug.10
WIRED Investigation: Chinese-Made Vapes Turn to 6-Methyl-Nicotine and Other Analogs, Challenging U.S. Regulation
WIRED Investigation: Chinese-Made Vapes Turn to 6-Methyl-Nicotine and Other Analogs, Challenging U.S. Regulation
U.S. technology and investigative publication WIRED has examined how nicotine analogs are emerging as a new challenge for the country’s vape regulatory framework. The article argues that after the U.S. expanded federal oversight of nicotine products in 2022, some manufacturers began using nicotine-like compounds such as 6-methyl-nicotine that may fall outside existing definitions. Researchers cited by WIRED said some nicotine analogs could be more potent than traditional nicotine, although human health impacts remain unclear. U.S. policymakers are considering broader definitions of nicotine to bring these compounds under federal oversight.
Jul.27
Product | IQOS ILUMA i REMIX Limited Edition Launches in Japan, Bringing New Design Elements to Heated Tobacco Devices
Product | IQOS ILUMA i REMIX Limited Edition Launches in Japan, Bringing New Design Elements to Heated Tobacco Devices
Philip Morris Japan (PM Japan) has introduced the IQOS ILUMA i REMIX Limited Edition series, including the IQOS ILUMA i Prime REMIX, IQOS ILUMA i REMIX and IQOS ILUMA i ONE REMIX devices. The limited-edition models were officially announced in Japan on June 9, 2026, and began a phased market rollout from June 10. Featuring gradient color designs and visual customization elements, the collection highlights PMI’s continued use of limited editions to enhance brand experience within its heated tobacco portfolio.
Innovation
Jul.21 by 2Firsts Perspectives
FDA Grants MRTP Orders for 20 ZYN Nicotine Pouches
FDA Grants MRTP Orders for 20 ZYN Nicotine Pouches
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued modified risk granted orders to Swedish Match USA for 20 ZYN nicotine pouch products, allowing the already-authorized products to be marketed with a specific claim that using ZYN instead of cigarettes lowers the risk of mouth cancer, heart disease, lung cancer, stroke, emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Jul.01
Illegal Vape Sellers Still Use TikTok and Other Platforms to Drive Sales Despite Australia’s Ad Ban
Illegal Vape Sellers Still Use TikTok and Other Platforms to Drive Sales Despite Australia’s Ad Ban
Illegal vape sellers are still promoting nicotine products on TikTok, Instagram and YouTube despite Australia’s 2024 advertising ban, while illicit tobacco sales are increasingly moving from physical stores to online marketplaces.
Jul.15