The Trading Standards organization for England and Wales has stated that the market is being flooded with unsafe disposable e-cigarettes targeted towards children. These brightly colored and sweet-flavored devices are becoming increasingly popular among young people. Some teachers say that e-cigarettes are becoming a problem in secondary schools.
Selling electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes to children is illegal in the UK. Each e-cigarette product that contains nicotine must be registered by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). However, the BBC has learned that complaints about trading standards have increased, involving the sale of illegal e-cigarettes and shops selling them to children. The number of complaints has risen from dozens per month last year, to hundreds per month in 2022. Thousands of counterfeit and unregulated products have been seized.
A recent survey conducted by the health charity organization ASH has revealed that nearly one third of 16- and 17-year-olds have tried e-cigarettes, with 14% currently using them. Among youth aged 11 to 17, the e-cigarette usage rate of 7% is higher than the 4% recorded in 2020.
Is vaping a risk-free option?
Radio 5live reported that during a trade standards officer inspection of 10 visited shops in Newcastle, two of them were found selling e-cigarettes to girls aged 15 and 17 illegally. Child health experts are hoping to introduce plain packaging and tighten regulations on e-cigarettes so that they can only be marketed as a smoking cessation aid rather than a fun and colorful lifestyle product.
Dr. Max Davie of the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health has stated that vaping is far from risk-free and can be addictive. Efforts must be made to prevent children and young people from picking up and using these products. While e-cigarettes do not contain the harmful tobaccos found in regular cigarettes, they do contain nicotine - a substance that can lead to smoking addiction. As a result, they, along with patches or gum and other nicotine replacement products, are increasingly popular as aids to quit smoking.
The UK Department of Health and Social Welfare stated that while they are not risk-free, e-cigarettes regulated in the UK are far less harmful than tobacco. However, they strongly discourage non-smokers and children from using them. UK law restricts the amount of nicotine and e-liquid allowed and health warnings are required on packaging.
However, a large number of electronic cigarettes not designed for the UK market are being smuggled into the country. Helen Donegan, a senior trade standards officer at the Leicester County Council, told the BBC that 8,000 illegal electronic cigarettes were found at just one location and it is impossible to know what is inside them. They are appealing to young people but may contain prohibited substances. Some of them look very similar to top vape brands but are fake, while others contain illegal amounts of nicotine and e-liquid. Legal electronic cigarettes are sold on the shelves of a store in Newcastle.
According to UK regulations, disposable e-cigarettes are allowed to contain up to around 600 puffs, but devices with up to 10,000 puffs have been sold in the UK. Dominik, a 17-year-old from Newcastle, started vaping at age 15 when his friends began using e-cigarettes. "Most of my friends either vape or smoke - around 90%," he said.
Middle school teachers have also taken notice of this issue. A recent survey of 3,000 individuals found that half of them caught a student vaping at school last year. One in five teachers reported catching a student as young as 11 years old vaping.
The charity organization ASH has stated that more efforts should be made to prevent these products from being widely promoted on platforms such as TikTok.
Deborah Arnott, CEO, has stated that the excessive promotion of appealing e-cigarettes on social media is entirely inappropriate, and social media platforms must take responsibility and put an end to it. Seventeen-year-old Dominic has been smoking e-cigarettes since the age of 15.
The UK Vaping Industry Association (UKVIA) is calling for a significant increase in fines to £10,000 whenever shops are caught selling e-cigarettes to children. It also urges licensing of outlets selling vaping products, with fees used to fund further trading standards enforcement. The Department of Health and Social Care in England says e-cigarettes can only be used as a tool for smokers to quit. It adds that it has created "proportionate regulations for all vape products relating to product safety, labelling and advertising restrictions".
This means that e-cigarettes cannot have a nicotine strength exceeding 20mg/ml, unlike food or cosmetics. A spokesperson stated that they strongly discourage the use of e-cigarettes by non-smokers and children. They added that there are currently no plans to increase fines, but the measure will be continuously reviewed. The Ministry of Education announced that schools have the authority to ban e-cigarettes and confiscate any found on students.
The government is set to release a report on electronic cigarettes for young and adult populations in England in the coming months.
What regulations does the UK have for electronic cigarettes?
Only individuals above the age of 18 are allowed to purchase e-cigarettes. Certain ingredients, like caffeine and taurine, are prohibited, while packaging must carry a warning about the presence of nicotine. Packaging should also be designed to prevent attraction to children. All e-cigarettes and e-liquids containing nicotine must be certified by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) before being sold in the United Kingdom. Brands can be verified on the MHRA website; any products not listed should be returned to the point of purchase or reported to your local trading standards office. Suspected adverse reactions to e-cigarettes can be reported to MHRA via the Yellow Card Scheme. Nicotine-free e-cigarettes are not required to be MHRA-certified, but are still subject to the safety regulations of the Trading Standards Products Safety Regulations.
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