High Levels of Toxic Chemicals Found in Disposable Puff E-Cigarettes

Aug.03.2022
High Levels of Toxic Chemicals Found in Disposable Puff E-Cigarettes
One-time use Puff e-cigarettes contain high levels of unknown chemicals and synthetic coolants that are toxic to human cells.

A picture of a disposable puff electronic cigarette from Talbot Lab at the University of California, Riverside. Electronic cigarettes (EC) contain nicotine, solvents, and flavored chemicals, and are particularly popular among young people. In 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned flavored EC pods based on cartridges, but this ban did not extend to "disposable" flavored EC products, such as Puff EC. Unfortunately, the chemical composition and toxicity of the liquid in Puff ECs is largely unknown.


Researchers from the University of California Riverside and Portland State University have examined 16 disposable Puff devices to determine their flavor chemicals, synthetic cooling agents, and nicotine concentrations. One of the synthetic cooling agents tested is WS-23 which provides a cooling sensation.


A team used gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify 126 flavor chemicals in Puff EC liquid and tested their toxicity on human bronchial epithelial cells. They reported in the journal Toxicology and Chemistry that the chemical content in single-use Puff EC was high and had cytotoxicity or toxicity to living cells.


Our data supports the need to regulate the flavoring chemicals and synthetic cooling agents in Puff EC to limit their potentially harmful effects on health," said Esther Omaiye, a former graduate student in the Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program and first author of the research paper. "The levels of nicotine, flavoring chemicals, and synthetic cooling agents in Puff EC are higher than those found in other consumer products, raising concerns about the safety of Puff products.


Omaiye, a postdoctoral researcher in the Prue Talbot laboratory, stated that one of the areas of regulatory concern related to e-cigarettes is the continuous development of novel chemicals in e-liquids.


For many years, we have been aware that EC design has been continuously evolving," said Talbot, the professor of cell biology leading the research team.


Recently, it has been discovered that chemicals used in e-cigarette liquids are changing. These changes are often made to make e-cigarette products more appealing to teenagers or to avoid regulation by the FDA, such as using synthetic nicotine instead of tobacco-derived nicotine to avoid FDA restrictions.


According to Talbot, the synthetic cooling agent WS-23, developed for use in shaving cream, is now included in EC liquids, but there is little information available about its inhalation toxicity.


Our work indicates that the concentration of WS-23 used in Puff ECs is sufficient to have negative long-term health effects," she said.


Other findings of the study include:


The EC in Puff contains a much higher concentration of synthetic cooling agents and flavor chemicals than JUUL EC.


Despite the unknown risks of inhaling, EC manufacturers are increasing the use and concentration of synthetic cooling agents, which is appealing to young users.


This article is compiled from third-party information and is intended only for industry exchange and learning purposes.


This article does not represent the views of 2FIRSTS and 2FIRSTS cannot confirm the truth or accuracy of its contents. The compilation of this article is solely for industry exchange and research purposes.


Due to limitations in translation abilities, the compiled article may not fully express or accurately reflect the original text. Please refer to the original text for accuracy.


Regarding any domestic, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or international related statements and positions, 2FIRSTS fully aligns with the Chinese government.


The copyright of the compiled information belongs to the original media and author. If there is any infringement, please contact us to request removal.



Disclaimer

This article is provided solely for professional research, industry discussion, and informational purposes. Any references to brands, companies, products, technologies, or policies are made for factual reporting and analytical purposes only, and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, promotion, or advertising by 2Firsts.

Nicotine-containing products, including but not limited to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches, carry significant health risks. Readers are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations in their respective jurisdictions, including age restrictions and access limitations.

The information contained in this article should not be regarded as investment, legal, medical, regulatory, or commercial advice. While 2Firsts strives to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its content, it does not assume liability for any direct or indirect loss arising from errors, omissions, inaccuracies, or reliance on the information contained herein.

This article is not intended for individuals below the legal age for accessing tobacco or nicotine-related information in their jurisdiction.

 

Copyright Notice

This article is either original content produced by 2Firsts or content reproduced, translated, summarized, or adapted from third-party sources with attribution where applicable. The intellectual property rights of the original content remain with 2Firsts or the respective original rights holders.

No individual or organization may copy, reproduce, distribute, republish, modify, translate, or otherwise use this content without prior authorization. Any unauthorized use may result in legal action.

For copyright-related inquiries, corrections, or removal requests, please contact: info@2firsts.com.

 

AI-Assisted Translation and Editing Notice

Portions of this article may have been translated, edited, or reviewed with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools to improve efficiency and readability. Due to the limitations of AI-assisted translation and editing, discrepancies, omissions, or inaccuracies may exist when compared with the original source.

Where applicable, readers are advised to refer to the original source for the most complete and accurate information. If you identify any errors or believe that any content infringes upon your rights, please contact us at info@2firsts.com, and we will review and address the matter promptly.

U.S. Fifth Circuit Vacates NicQuid Vape MDO, Says FDA Comparative-Efficacy Standard Violated APA Procedures
U.S. Fifth Circuit Vacates NicQuid Vape MDO, Says FDA Comparative-Efficacy Standard Violated APA Procedures
According to VitalLaw on August 27, 2026, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit vacated an FDA marketing denial order (MDO) against NicQuid LLC, ruling that the agency’s comparative-efficacy standard for electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) applications had become a substantive rule requiring notice-and-comment rulemaking under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA). The court did not reject FDA’s authority to compare the public health benefits and risks of flavored vapes, but held that the agency could not establish a broadly binding standard through informal adjudications. The case was remanded to FDA for further proceedings.
Aug.28
FDA Grants PMTA Authorization to 11 ZYN ULTRA Nicotine Pouches, Bringing Total Authorized Pouches to 43
FDA Grants PMTA Authorization to 11 ZYN ULTRA Nicotine Pouches, Bringing Total Authorized Pouches to 43
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration authorized 11 ZYN ULTRA nicotine pouch products made by Swedish Match USA through the premarket tobacco product application pathway on August 21, 2026. Ten of the authorized products have a labeled nicotine content of 9 mg, while ZYN ULTRA Smooth was authorized at 11 mg. The reviews were conducted through FDA’s nicotine pouch PMTA pilot program. FDA has now authorized 43 nicotine pouch products, including 23 through the pilot.
Aug.24
 PMI Opens Generative AI Center in Portugal to Support Global Operations
PMI Opens Generative AI Center in Portugal to Support Global Operations
According to information released by Portugal’s Trade & Investment Agency (AICEP) in July 2026, Philip Morris International (PMI) has established a global Generative Artificial Intelligence Factory (GenAI Factory) at its Portuguese subsidiary Tabaqueira. The center will support PMI’s global operations by developing and deploying AI solutions focused on industrial process optimization, data analytics, operational automation and AI application development. The initiative strengthens Portugal’s role in PMI’s global technology and innovation network.
Aug.27
Canada Health Minister Says She Is Not Considering Looser Nicotine Pouch Retail Rules as PMI-Linked Group Pushes for Wider Access
Canada Health Minister Says She Is Not Considering Looser Nicotine Pouch Retail Rules as PMI-Linked Group Pushes for Wider Access
Canadian Health Minister Marjorie Michel says she is not considering loosening retail restrictions on nicotine pouches. Canada regulates pouches containing 4 mg or less of nicotine per unit as non-prescription nicotine replacement therapy and requires newer NRT formats such as pouches to be sold from behind pharmacy counters. Meanwhile, Unsmoke Canada, linked to Philip Morris International's Canadian business, is pushing to allow pouches in convenience stores and other general retail outlets. Health Canada also acknowledges continued unauthorized sales, while recent research shows rising pouch use among Canadian youth aged 16 to 19.
Sep.24
FDA Authorizes JUUL2, Cites Adult Switching Amid Efforts to Speed PMTA Reviews
FDA Authorizes JUUL2, Cites Adult Switching Amid Efforts to Speed PMTA Reviews
The FDA authorized the JUUL2 device and tobacco- and menthol-flavored pods on Aug. 28, bringing the number of authorized e-cigarette products to 48. The agency highlighted complete switching among adult smokers, with six-week switching rates reaching 28.4%–49.3% for the menthol pod. The decision comes as FDA works to speed PMTA reviews, reduce application backlogs and expand authorized e-cigarette and nicotine-pouch products while maintaining enforcement priorities for unauthorized products.
Regulations
Aug.29
HG Innovation, linked to IMiracle and ELFBAR, wins China patent for 6-methylnicotine salts covering vaping and oral products
HG Innovation, linked to IMiracle and ELFBAR, wins China patent for 6-methylnicotine salts covering vaping and oral products
HG Innovation Limited has been granted a Chinese invention patent covering 6-methylnicotine salt formulations and their use in oral and vaping products. The technology forms salts between 6-methylnicotine and alicyclic carboxylic acids, with granted claims extending to oral products, atomization substrates and electronic atomization devices. Applicant-generated tests reported differences in oxidation stability, in-vitro cytotoxicity and aerosol heavy-metal performance compared with selected benzoate or lactate controls. HG Innovation is directly linked to the broader IMiracle and ELFBAR business network.
Sep.04