High Levels of Toxic Chemicals Found in Disposable Puff E-Cigarettes

Aug.03.2022
High Levels of Toxic Chemicals Found in Disposable Puff E-Cigarettes
One-time use Puff e-cigarettes contain high levels of unknown chemicals and synthetic coolants that are toxic to human cells.

A picture of a disposable puff electronic cigarette from Talbot Lab at the University of California, Riverside. Electronic cigarettes (EC) contain nicotine, solvents, and flavored chemicals, and are particularly popular among young people. In 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned flavored EC pods based on cartridges, but this ban did not extend to "disposable" flavored EC products, such as Puff EC. Unfortunately, the chemical composition and toxicity of the liquid in Puff ECs is largely unknown.


Researchers from the University of California Riverside and Portland State University have examined 16 disposable Puff devices to determine their flavor chemicals, synthetic cooling agents, and nicotine concentrations. One of the synthetic cooling agents tested is WS-23 which provides a cooling sensation.


A team used gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify 126 flavor chemicals in Puff EC liquid and tested their toxicity on human bronchial epithelial cells. They reported in the journal Toxicology and Chemistry that the chemical content in single-use Puff EC was high and had cytotoxicity or toxicity to living cells.


Our data supports the need to regulate the flavoring chemicals and synthetic cooling agents in Puff EC to limit their potentially harmful effects on health," said Esther Omaiye, a former graduate student in the Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program and first author of the research paper. "The levels of nicotine, flavoring chemicals, and synthetic cooling agents in Puff EC are higher than those found in other consumer products, raising concerns about the safety of Puff products.


Omaiye, a postdoctoral researcher in the Prue Talbot laboratory, stated that one of the areas of regulatory concern related to e-cigarettes is the continuous development of novel chemicals in e-liquids.


For many years, we have been aware that EC design has been continuously evolving," said Talbot, the professor of cell biology leading the research team.


Recently, it has been discovered that chemicals used in e-cigarette liquids are changing. These changes are often made to make e-cigarette products more appealing to teenagers or to avoid regulation by the FDA, such as using synthetic nicotine instead of tobacco-derived nicotine to avoid FDA restrictions.


According to Talbot, the synthetic cooling agent WS-23, developed for use in shaving cream, is now included in EC liquids, but there is little information available about its inhalation toxicity.


Our work indicates that the concentration of WS-23 used in Puff ECs is sufficient to have negative long-term health effects," she said.


Other findings of the study include:


The EC in Puff contains a much higher concentration of synthetic cooling agents and flavor chemicals than JUUL EC.


Despite the unknown risks of inhaling, EC manufacturers are increasing the use and concentration of synthetic cooling agents, which is appealing to young users.


This article is compiled from third-party information and is intended only for industry exchange and learning purposes.


This article does not represent the views of 2FIRSTS and 2FIRSTS cannot confirm the truth or accuracy of its contents. The compilation of this article is solely for industry exchange and research purposes.


Due to limitations in translation abilities, the compiled article may not fully express or accurately reflect the original text. Please refer to the original text for accuracy.


Regarding any domestic, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or international related statements and positions, 2FIRSTS fully aligns with the Chinese government.


The copyright of the compiled information belongs to the original media and author. If there is any infringement, please contact us to request removal.



Disclaimer

This article is provided solely for professional research, industry discussion, and informational purposes. Any references to brands, companies, products, technologies, or policies are made for factual reporting and analytical purposes only, and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, promotion, or advertising by 2Firsts.

Nicotine-containing products, including but not limited to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches, carry significant health risks. Readers are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations in their respective jurisdictions, including age restrictions and access limitations.

The information contained in this article should not be regarded as investment, legal, medical, regulatory, or commercial advice. While 2Firsts strives to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its content, it does not assume liability for any direct or indirect loss arising from errors, omissions, inaccuracies, or reliance on the information contained herein.

This article is not intended for individuals below the legal age for accessing tobacco or nicotine-related information in their jurisdiction.

 

Copyright Notice

This article is either original content produced by 2Firsts or content reproduced, translated, summarized, or adapted from third-party sources with attribution where applicable. The intellectual property rights of the original content remain with 2Firsts or the respective original rights holders.

No individual or organization may copy, reproduce, distribute, republish, modify, translate, or otherwise use this content without prior authorization. Any unauthorized use may result in legal action.

For copyright-related inquiries, corrections, or removal requests, please contact: info@2firsts.com.

 

AI-Assisted Translation and Editing Notice

Portions of this article may have been translated, edited, or reviewed with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools to improve efficiency and readability. Due to the limitations of AI-assisted translation and editing, discrepancies, omissions, or inaccuracies may exist when compared with the original source.

Where applicable, readers are advised to refer to the original source for the most complete and accurate information. If you identify any errors or believe that any content infringes upon your rights, please contact us at info@2firsts.com, and we will review and address the matter promptly.

Gallup Tracks Nicotine Pouch Use for the First Time: 11% of U.S. Adults Smoke, 9% Vape and 4% Use Nicotine Pouches
Gallup Tracks Nicotine Pouch Use for the First Time: 11% of U.S. Adults Smoke, 9% Vape and 4% Use Nicotine Pouches
Gallup’s 2026 Consumption Habits survey tracked nicotine pouch use for the first time. The survey found that 11% of U.S. adults reported smoking cigarettes in the past week, 9% reported vaping, and 4% reported using nicotine pouches. Cigarette smoking remained near Gallup’s long-term low, while adult vaping rates stayed relatively stable in recent years.
Market
Aug.25 by 2Firsts Perspectives
PMI Global R&D Chief Meets Chinese Tobacco Regulator as China Advances Heated Cigarette Standards
PMI Global R&D Chief Meets Chinese Tobacco Regulator as China Advances Heated Cigarette Standards
Philip Morris International’s global R&D chief Michele Cattoni met Liu Sanjiang, deputy director of China’s State Tobacco Monopoly Administration, in Beijing on Aug. 27. The meeting comes as China advances mandatory standards for heated cigarettes and nicotine pouches, laying groundwork for their domestic introduction. Cattoni has held senior roles in PMI’s heated tobacco development, while China’s draft standard covers multiple heating architectures, including systems similar in principle to PMI’s IQOS ILUMA technology.
Aug.27
Malaysia Liquid Nicotine Returns to Poisons List, Leaving Vape Retail and RM354 Million Tax Collection in Legal Uncertainty
Malaysia Liquid Nicotine Returns to Poisons List, Leaving Vape Retail and RM354 Million Tax Collection in Legal Uncertainty
Malaysia’s withdrawal of its appeal in a landmark liquid-nicotine case has left a High Court ruling that struck down the 2023 nicotine exemption in force, bringing liquid and gel nicotine used in vaping products back under the Poisons Act 1952. At the same time, the Control of Smoking Products for Public Health Act 2024 continues to provide a regulatory framework for vaping products, creating uncertainty over retail sales, taxation and existing inventory. MPs are calling for nicotine vape sales and excise collection to stop, including refunds of more than RM354 million collected since 2023, while industry and consumer groups are asking the government to clarify the current legal position.
Sep.04
Australia Extends Illicit Tobacco Crackdown From Tougher Penalties to Customs and Logistics Supply Chains
Australia Extends Illicit Tobacco Crackdown From Tougher Penalties to Customs and Logistics Supply Chains
Australia's federal government introduced a new illicit tobacco enforcement bill on September 10 that would strengthen evidentiary presumptions, representative sampling, seizure and forfeiture procedures, proceeds-of-crime powers and obligations for customs and logistics operators. The proposal follows the Combatting Illicit Tobacco Act 2026, which took effect in August and increased penalties while expanding investigative and asset-recovery tools. Together, the reforms extend Australia's crackdown from tougher criminal sanctions into import, logistics and evidentiary enforcement.
Sep.14
U.S. Ninth Circuit Upholds FDA Denial of MH Global’s Flavored Vape PMTA Applications
U.S. Ninth Circuit Upholds FDA Denial of MH Global’s Flavored Vape PMTA Applications
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit upheld the FDA’s denial of MH Global LLC’s applications to market flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). The court ruled that FDA’s comparative-efficacy framework, which requires applicants to show that flavored products provide greater cessation or switching benefits than tobacco-flavored alternatives, is consistent with the Tobacco Control Act’s “appropriate for the protection of the public health” standard. The court also found that FDA was not required to establish the framework through notice-and-comment rulemaking.
Aug.26
Reuters Tracks Big Tobacco’s Shift Beyond Cigarettes as Nicotine Pouches Vie for the Next Growth Curve
Reuters Tracks Big Tobacco’s Shift Beyond Cigarettes as Nicotine Pouches Vie for the Next Growth Curve
As cigarette markets face long-term pressure, major tobacco companies are increasingly turning to nicotine pouches in search of growth beyond combustible tobacco. Reuters has examined whether nicotine pouches can become the next strategic growth platform for companies including Philip Morris International, British American Tobacco and Japan Tobacco. PMI strengthened its position through the acquisition of Swedish Match and its ZYN brand, while BAT and JTI continue expanding their own nicotine pouch portfolios. The category has gained attention because of its smoke-free, device-free format, but regulation, youth-use concerns and market scale will determine whether it can become a long-term growth engine.
Regulations
Aug.18 by 2Firsts Perspectives