Nicotine Withdrawal and Junk Food Intake: A Study

Mar.28.2022
Nicotine Withdrawal and Junk Food Intake: A Study
Nicotine withdrawal symptoms vary and peak after 1-3 days, but psychological effects can persist. Quitting smoking often leads to increased junk food cravings.

According to a report by foreign media on March 27, 2022, it is well known that the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal vary from person to person, with some struggling more than others. However, these symptoms generally peak in the first 1-3 days of quitting smoking and gradually decrease over the course of 3-4 weeks. After this time, nicotine should be completely eliminated from one's system, but psychological effects often continue to persist.

 

When nicotine enters the bloodstream, it activates the reward and pleasure pathways in the brain by increasing the levels of dopamine, a neurotransmitter responsible for feelings of well-being. It is known to affect areas in the brain that regulate breathing, memory (enhancing it), appetite, and heart rate. The brain quickly becomes addicted to this stimulating effect.

 

Additionally, smokers often turn to smoking when socializing with friends, feeling bored, or in need of a pick-me-up. Over time, this can cause the brain to associate smoking with pleasure, making it difficult to overcome psychological withdrawal symptoms even after overcoming physical nicotine withdrawal symptoms.

 

The physical symptoms of nicotine withdrawal.

 

When the nicotine receptors in the brain are suddenly deprived of nicotine, the release of dopamine decreases. This can naturally lead to an uncomfortable sensation and a strong craving for smoking, as the body has become accustomed to the need for dopamine release. The craving for nicotine can last for 5 to 30 minutes, can be very uncomfortable, and will only subside over time or with the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).

 

A recent study titled "Quitting Smoking Increases Junk Food Intake: The Role of Endogenous Opioid System" has been published in the Journal of Drug and Alcohol Dependence. The lead author of the study, Dr. Mustafa al'Absi, is a licensed psychologist and professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Bio-behavioral Health at the University of Minnesota Medical School. His team researched the brain functions responsible for addiction and appetite regulation, specifically examining the potential preference for junk food during nicotine withdrawal.

 

Researchers studied a group of smoking and non-smoking participants between the ages of 18 and 75. They were randomly assigned to quit using nicotine products for 24 hours and given either a placebo or 50mg of naltrexone. At the end of each session, participants were given snacks with varying calorie levels, salt, sugar, and fat content.

 

As expected, a research group has found that participants who quit smoking tend to choose foods that are high in calories, salt, fat, and sugar. The study observed the involvement of receptors in the brain's opioid system in this behavior. The study shows that food choices and consumption are influenced by smoking status (abstinence > occasional smokers or non-smokers; p < .05), opioid antagonists (naltrexone < placebo; p < .05), and gender (males > females; p < .05). These effects were confirmed for high-sugar and high-fat foods, but no differences were found in low-sugar and low-fat foods.

 

Researchers have concluded that the use of food, particularly high-calorie food, is often employed as a coping mechanism for the negative effects and discomfort experienced by individuals during the process of quitting smoking.

 

(Source: Vaping Post)

 


Disclaimer

This article is provided solely for professional research, industry discussion, and informational purposes. Any references to brands, companies, products, technologies, or policies are made for factual reporting and analytical purposes only, and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, promotion, or advertising by 2Firsts.

Nicotine-containing products, including but not limited to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches, carry significant health risks. Readers are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations in their respective jurisdictions, including age restrictions and access limitations.

The information contained in this article should not be regarded as investment, legal, medical, regulatory, or commercial advice. While 2Firsts strives to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its content, it does not assume liability for any direct or indirect loss arising from errors, omissions, inaccuracies, or reliance on the information contained herein.

This article is not intended for individuals below the legal age for accessing tobacco or nicotine-related information in their jurisdiction.

 

Copyright Notice

This article is either original content produced by 2Firsts or content reproduced, translated, summarized, or adapted from third-party sources with attribution where applicable. The intellectual property rights of the original content remain with 2Firsts or the respective original rights holders.

No individual or organization may copy, reproduce, distribute, republish, modify, translate, or otherwise use this content without prior authorization. Any unauthorized use may result in legal action.

For copyright-related inquiries, corrections, or removal requests, please contact: info@2firsts.com.

 

AI-Assisted Translation and Editing Notice

Portions of this article may have been translated, edited, or reviewed with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools to improve efficiency and readability. Due to the limitations of AI-assisted translation and editing, discrepancies, omissions, or inaccuracies may exist when compared with the original source.

Where applicable, readers are advised to refer to the original source for the most complete and accurate information. If you identify any errors or believe that any content infringes upon your rights, please contact us at info@2firsts.com, and we will review and address the matter promptly.

Special Report|Haypp’s Nicotine Pouch Volumes Rise 40%: Who Controls the Digital Shelf for Modern Oral?
Special Report|Haypp’s Nicotine Pouch Volumes Rise 40%: Who Controls the Digital Shelf for Modern Oral?
Haypp Group reported a 40% year-on-year increase in nicotine pouch volumes in the first quarter of 2026, with U.S. and U.K. volumes rising 123% and 102%, respectively. Haypp says around 97% of its consumer traffic is organic and that its Media & Insights business provides brand owners with on-site visibility, trial activation and consumer intelligence. For international tobacco companies, Haypp may be both a growth partner for modern oral products and a new source of channel leverage.
Special Report
May.22
Product | ZYN Adds Tropical Flavor and Expands 1.5mg Nicotine Options in the Philippines
Product | ZYN Adds Tropical Flavor and Expands 1.5mg Nicotine Options in the Philippines
ZYN has expanded its nicotine pouch portfolio in the Philippines with the addition of Cool Breeze 1.5mg and Tropical in 3mg and 6mg strengths. Public information shows that 1.5mg is among the lower nicotine strengths offered by ZYN in the Philippine market and is positioned for adult nicotine consumers who are new to nicotine pouches.
PMI
Jun.08
Australia’s Tobacco Tax Debate Intensifies as One Nation’s Barnaby Joyce Warns of Illicit Market Growth
Australia’s Tobacco Tax Debate Intensifies as One Nation’s Barnaby Joyce Warns of Illicit Market Growth
Australian One Nation MP Barnaby Joyce has criticised continued tobacco excise increases, arguing that higher taxes are driving consumers toward illicit tobacco markets and benefiting organised crime groups.
Regulations
Jul.13 by 2Firsts Perspectives
Product | ZAR Launches Coffee AirPouch, Expanding Pouch Format Into Caffeine Products
Product | ZAR Launches Coffee AirPouch, Expanding Pouch Format Into Caffeine Products
ZAR has introduced Coffee AirPouch, a nicotine-free caffeine pouch product that extends the brand’s AirPouch format into the functional consumer category. Each pouch contains 50mg of natural caffeine and features a coffee flavor, highlighting how pouch-based products are expanding beyond traditional nicotine applications into broader lifestyle and energy-use scenarios.
Market
Jul.13 by 2Firsts Perspectives
One Nation Proposes 50% Tobacco Excise Cut as Australia’s Illicit Market Expands
One Nation Proposes 50% Tobacco Excise Cut as Australia’s Illicit Market Expands
Australian One Nation leader Pauline Hanson has proposed cutting tobacco excise by 50% and freezing indexation until June 30, 2028, in a bid to lower legal cigarette prices and reduce the price advantage of the illicit tobacco market.
Jun.18
French Vape Distributor Kumulus Vape Yields About 3% as Earnings Growth Stalls
French Vape Distributor Kumulus Vape Yields About 3% as Earnings Growth Stalls
Listed French vape distributor Kumulus Vape will trade ex-dividend on June 26, 2026, and pay an annual dividend of €0.10 per share on June 30, with Simply Wall St saying the payout is covered by profit and free cash flow, while weak earnings growth remains a concern.
Industry InsightMarketNews
Jun.24