Nicotine Withdrawal and Junk Food Intake: A Study

Mar.28.2022
Nicotine Withdrawal and Junk Food Intake: A Study
Nicotine withdrawal symptoms vary and peak after 1-3 days, but psychological effects can persist. Quitting smoking often leads to increased junk food cravings.

According to a report by foreign media on March 27, 2022, it is well known that the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal vary from person to person, with some struggling more than others. However, these symptoms generally peak in the first 1-3 days of quitting smoking and gradually decrease over the course of 3-4 weeks. After this time, nicotine should be completely eliminated from one's system, but psychological effects often continue to persist.

 

When nicotine enters the bloodstream, it activates the reward and pleasure pathways in the brain by increasing the levels of dopamine, a neurotransmitter responsible for feelings of well-being. It is known to affect areas in the brain that regulate breathing, memory (enhancing it), appetite, and heart rate. The brain quickly becomes addicted to this stimulating effect.

 

Additionally, smokers often turn to smoking when socializing with friends, feeling bored, or in need of a pick-me-up. Over time, this can cause the brain to associate smoking with pleasure, making it difficult to overcome psychological withdrawal symptoms even after overcoming physical nicotine withdrawal symptoms.

 

The physical symptoms of nicotine withdrawal.

 

When the nicotine receptors in the brain are suddenly deprived of nicotine, the release of dopamine decreases. This can naturally lead to an uncomfortable sensation and a strong craving for smoking, as the body has become accustomed to the need for dopamine release. The craving for nicotine can last for 5 to 30 minutes, can be very uncomfortable, and will only subside over time or with the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).

 

A recent study titled "Quitting Smoking Increases Junk Food Intake: The Role of Endogenous Opioid System" has been published in the Journal of Drug and Alcohol Dependence. The lead author of the study, Dr. Mustafa al'Absi, is a licensed psychologist and professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Bio-behavioral Health at the University of Minnesota Medical School. His team researched the brain functions responsible for addiction and appetite regulation, specifically examining the potential preference for junk food during nicotine withdrawal.

 

Researchers studied a group of smoking and non-smoking participants between the ages of 18 and 75. They were randomly assigned to quit using nicotine products for 24 hours and given either a placebo or 50mg of naltrexone. At the end of each session, participants were given snacks with varying calorie levels, salt, sugar, and fat content.

 

As expected, a research group has found that participants who quit smoking tend to choose foods that are high in calories, salt, fat, and sugar. The study observed the involvement of receptors in the brain's opioid system in this behavior. The study shows that food choices and consumption are influenced by smoking status (abstinence > occasional smokers or non-smokers; p < .05), opioid antagonists (naltrexone < placebo; p < .05), and gender (males > females; p < .05). These effects were confirmed for high-sugar and high-fat foods, but no differences were found in low-sugar and low-fat foods.

 

Researchers have concluded that the use of food, particularly high-calorie food, is often employed as a coping mechanism for the negative effects and discomfort experienced by individuals during the process of quitting smoking.

 

(Source: Vaping Post)

 


Disclaimer

This article is provided solely for professional research, industry discussion, and informational purposes. Any references to brands, companies, products, technologies, or policies are made for factual reporting and analytical purposes only, and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, promotion, or advertising by 2Firsts.

Nicotine-containing products, including but not limited to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches, carry significant health risks. Readers are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations in their respective jurisdictions, including age restrictions and access limitations.

The information contained in this article should not be regarded as investment, legal, medical, regulatory, or commercial advice. While 2Firsts strives to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its content, it does not assume liability for any direct or indirect loss arising from errors, omissions, inaccuracies, or reliance on the information contained herein.

This article is not intended for individuals below the legal age for accessing tobacco or nicotine-related information in their jurisdiction.

 

Copyright Notice

This article is either original content produced by 2Firsts or content reproduced, translated, summarized, or adapted from third-party sources with attribution where applicable. The intellectual property rights of the original content remain with 2Firsts or the respective original rights holders.

No individual or organization may copy, reproduce, distribute, republish, modify, translate, or otherwise use this content without prior authorization. Any unauthorized use may result in legal action.

For copyright-related inquiries, corrections, or removal requests, please contact: info@2firsts.com.

 

AI-Assisted Translation and Editing Notice

Portions of this article may have been translated, edited, or reviewed with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools to improve efficiency and readability. Due to the limitations of AI-assisted translation and editing, discrepancies, omissions, or inaccuracies may exist when compared with the original source.

Where applicable, readers are advised to refer to the original source for the most complete and accurate information. If you identify any errors or believe that any content infringes upon your rights, please contact us at info@2firsts.com, and we will review and address the matter promptly.

Elf Bar Vape Explosion and Amputation Claim Spurs Coverage Suit, U.S. Insurer MUSIC Seeks Ruling It Owes No Duty to Defend or Indemnify Distributor i5
Elf Bar Vape Explosion and Amputation Claim Spurs Coverage Suit, U.S. Insurer MUSIC Seeks Ruling It Owes No Duty to Defend or Indemnify Distributor i5
Mesa Underwriters Specialty Insurance Company has asked a federal court in Washington to declare that it has no duty to defend or indemnify vape distributor i5 Distribution in a product liability case involving an Elf Bar BC5000. The plaintiff alleges that the disposable vape caught fire and exploded in his pocket, causing severe burns and ultimately requiring an above-the-knee amputation of his left leg. MUSIC is relying on a tobacco, nicotine or nicotine replacement products exclusion and a premises limitation endorsement. The court has not ruled on the coverage dispute.
News
Sep.10
Product | PMI Pilots bonds by IQOS and blends in Japan, Testing a New Heated Tobacco Platform
Product | PMI Pilots bonds by IQOS and blends in Japan, Testing a New Heated Tobacco Platform
Philip Morris International (PMI) has launched a regional pilot of bonds by IQOS and dedicated blends tobacco sticks in Japan, introducing a new heated tobacco platform separate from the IQOS ILUMA ecosystem. The system uses Round Heat Technology with an external heating architecture, differentiating it from IQOS ILUMA’s induction-based platform. The pilot began on July 6, 2026, across three Japanese prefectures: Fukuoka, Saga and Nagasaki.
Jul.30
PMI Q2 Revenue Rises 10.4% as IQOS and VEEV Expand, U.S. ZYN Growth Slows
PMI Q2 Revenue Rises 10.4% as IQOS and VEEV Expand, U.S. ZYN Growth Slows
Philip Morris International’s second-quarter net revenues rose 10.4% to a record $11.19 billion, as heated tobacco and e-vapor expanded across international markets. IQOS remained the main smoke-free growth engine, while VEEV shipments jumped 55.1%. In the United States, however, ZYN shipments increased just 1.8% and consumer offtake was broadly flat to slightly higher. Cigarette volumes also rose, showing that PMI’s transformation is advancing, but growth is becoming increasingly uneven across categories and markets.
PMI
Jul.22
JUUL2 Sued Within a Week of FDA Authorization as AJ Marketing Alleges Infringement of Programmable Vape Patent
JUUL2 Sued Within a Week of FDA Authorization as AJ Marketing Alleges Infringement of Programmable Vape Patent
Less than a week after JUUL2 received U.S. FDA marketing authorization on August 28, 2026, JUUL Labs was sued for patent infringement in federal court in Delaware. AJ Marketing LLC filed the complaint on September 3, alleging that both JUUL 1 and JUUL2 infringe U.S. Patent No. 8,851,068 B2. The patent covers aspects of programmable electronic vaporization devices, including controls over dose delivery, usage frequency and operating parameters. The plaintiff is seeking reasonable royalties and ongoing royalties tied to the remaining life of the patent. JUUL has not yet publicly responded to the case.
Sep.10
Product | KT&G to Launch lil Tonino Lamborghini in South Korea, Bringing 3-Second Heat-Up to New HTP Platform
Product | KT&G to Launch lil Tonino Lamborghini in South Korea, Bringing 3-Second Heat-Up to New HTP Platform
KT&G will launch the lil Tonino Lamborghini heated tobacco device in Seoul on September 15, 2026. The product introduces a new heating technology called Flashwave Heating, which uses microwaves to heat tobacco sticks internally and delivers a manufacturer-rated heat-up time of about three seconds. The device features an all-metal aluminum body, a color display and a dedicated GUI, and launches alongside a new line of NAU tobacco sticks that are incompatible with existing lil consumables. Korean media describe the product as KT&G's first new heated tobacco platform since lil AIBLE was introduced in 2022.
Aug.31
Product | Philip Morris Japan Launches Ginza-Exclusive IQOS ILUMA i PRIME, Limited to 1,814 Units at First Global Flagship
Product | Philip Morris Japan Launches Ginza-Exclusive IQOS ILUMA i PRIME, Limited to 1,814 Units at First Global Flagship
Philip Morris Japan (PMJ) launched the IQOS ILUMA i PRIME Ginza Limited Model Set in Tokyo on September 4, 2026, alongside the opening of IQOS Flagship Ginza, the brand’s first global flagship store. The Oasis Blue edition is limited to 1,814 individually numbered units, with the figure derived from the store’s address at Ginza 1-8-14. The set also includes two Yamanaka-nuri glasses and special packaging, priced at JPY 11,980 and sold exclusively at the Ginza flagship.
Sep.07